Welding is a very common fabrication process, but welding is also a dangerous process. It involves high temperatures, flammable gases, and high voltages, depending on the process that is used. Many precautions must be taken by the welder to ensure their own safety and the safety of others around them.
Below is a list of full PPE that must be worn:
- Welding helmet with arc flasher
- Cap
- Goggles
- Hearing protection
- Gloves
- Apron
- Steel toe capped boots
Welding Guide
Different metals have different characteristics that affect their ability to be welded or cut. The welding process involves melting the base metal parts and adding filler metal that has the same melting temperature and characteristics of the parent metal.
Metals are divided into two categories, ferrous and non ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron such as cast iron, mild steel, forged steel and stainless steel, whereas aluminium is a non-ferrous metal. Each metal type requires different welding procedures and filler metals.
These are the the four major processes that are used both in industry and for the home hobbyist.
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or MIG
Also referred to as MIG or Metal Inert Gas Welding. The most versatile and most used of all the welding processes. It uses a continuous wire feed electrode fed through a welding gun along with a continuous flow of shielding gas.
Advantages of MIG welding:
- The gun is easy to manipulate and keep it at a uniform distance from the weld.
- The continuous wire feed allows longer welds to be run, the welds remain smooth and clean because of the shielding gas.
- You can weld at low temperatures allows the welding of 22 and 24 gauge sheet metals.
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or TIG
Also referred to as TIG or tungsten inert gas welding. TIG welding is a process that generates an arc between a non consumable electrode and the work piece. The electrode and the weld are protected by a gas shield (usually argon) and a filler rod may or may not be used.
TIG welding is similar to gas welding and requires more skill. The process is used for doing fine work and where a high standard or finish is required without the need for grinding, such as bicycle frames and fiood manufacturing equipment. As the TIG process is very clean it is ideal for welding stainless steel and aluminium.
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